This is a series of articles dealing with the British nobility beginning with William the Conqueror in 1066 and ending with Henry VIII circa 1530. The information within has been compiled from multiple resources and a bibliography will follow the completed work. Beginning with the Normans, the Plantagenets, the Lancasters, the Yorks, and then finally, the Tudors.
Henry III: Coming to the Crown while a minor of 9 years, the government was handled wisely by two regents but by the time that Henry was to take over the government, he had obviously learned none of the stoic traits and abilities that had been the hallmark of other rulers and years of misrule and conflict ensued. Henry's reign was marked by civil unrest, mismanaged government, and civil war.
In 1258, Simon De Montfort and other English land-barons rebelled against the mis-government, fueled by the increasing French influence in government and Henry’s free-spending that literally almost bankrupted the country. Henry was forced to sign (like his father) the Provisions of Oxford which was intended to limit the royal power (like the Magna Carta) but Henry decides not to abide by it (like his father did with the Magna Carta). Also, like the previous reign, this leads to civil war, the Baron's war, led by Simon De Montfort who defeats Henry at Lewes. De Montfort calls the first English Parliament in 1265 but is soon betrayed by some of his baron friends, and he is killed at the Battle of Evesham.
Guessing that the King wasn't that bad after all, the land-barons allowed him to resumed the throne until his death in 1272.